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Slab production: Transformation from titanium ingot to titanium slab. Titanium plates and other titanium products all originate from titanium ingots. They need to go through the forging process to become titanium slabs with dimensions of 210*1100*8000mm. After the slabs are made, their surfaces need to be treated to remove the black oxide layer. Plate rolling: Multi-stage precise processing for hot rolling. 1. Heating: Place the titanium plate billet in a suitable temperature environment. The suitable heating temperature for titanium plates is between 900°C and 1000°C. During the heating process, ensure sufficient time, with the general heating and holding time reaching more than 4 - 4.5 hours to ensure uniform heating of the titanium plate billet and prepare for the subsequent rolling. 2. Rough rolling: After heating, the titanium billet is first subjected to high-pressure water descaling to remove the surface iron oxide scale, and then enters the rough rolling machine for preliminary shaping. Rough rolling usually adopts reversible rolling methods, such as two-roll or four-roll rolling machines. Through multiple passes of rolling, the billet is reduced to the intermediate thickness. At this stage, widening rolling or shaping rolling may also be performed as needed to adjust the width and shape of the billet to be closer to the size requirements of the final product. 3. Fine rolling: After the intermediate billet undergoes head and tail cutting, it enters a multi-stand fine rolling unit, such as a 7-stand four-roll rolling machine. The fine rolling process uses high-speed rolling and precisely controls the reduction amount to reduce the material to the final thickness. At the same time, the plate shape closed-loop control technology is used to ensure that the size accuracy of the titanium plate meets the high-standard requirements and meets the strict specifications of different application scenarios for titanium plates. 4. Cooling and winding: The titanium coil after fine rolling is rapidly cooled to the winding temperature through a laminar cooling system. This cooling process needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the different titanium material grades and final rolling temperature to optimize the material performance. After cooling, the titanium coil is wound into a roll by the winding machine. The final product may also need subsequent processing such as bundling, marking, etc., for storage, transportation, and use.
Energy-saving advantages of the hot rolling process: During the hot rolling process, titanium exhibits excellent plastic processing properties, with low deformation resistance and no obvious processing hardening phenomenon. This results in a reduction in the energy required for metal deformation, thereby achieving a lower energy consumption level. 2. High production efficiency: Hot rolling typically employs large ingots and large reduction ratios for rolling, resulting in a fast production rhythm and high output, creating favorable conditions for large-scale production and meeting the large-scale demand for titanium plates in the market. 3. Optimization of microstructure properties: Through the hot rolling process, the as-cast microstructure can be transformed into the processed microstructure. This microstructure transformation significantly improves the plasticity of the material, enhancing the performance and processing properties of the titanium plate. 4. Anisotropic properties: Due to the characteristics of the rolling process, the properties of the rolled sheet exhibit anisotropy. On one hand, there are significant differences in properties along the longitudinal, transverse, and high directions of the material; on the other hand, there are deformation textures and recrystallization textures, resulting in obvious directional differences in the forming performance.
The hot rolling process of titanium plates, as a core technology for processing high-end metal materials, has its core advantages in achieving the refinement of titanium alloy structure and performance optimization through precise temperature control (850 - 950℃) and multiple passes of rolling. Currently, this technology has overcome industry bottlenecks such as ±5% fluctuation in rolling force and ±0.1mm in plate shape tolerance. However, in response to the urgent demand in the aerospace field for higher strength and toughness ratios of alloys like TA15 and TC4, the hot rolling process of titanium plates still needs continuous innovation and exploration of new process methods and technical means to further enhance the performance and quality of titanium plates and expand their application fields.
